AICAR, short for 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside, is a natural compound that affects energy and metabolism by increasing levels of adenosine. It activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which helps cells manage their energy. [1]
In sports, people have noticed AICAR for its potential to boost performance, though it is banned. Scientists also use AICAR to study how AMPK works, especially in research on endurance and performance.
AICAR has been used in medicine to help blood flow in cases of ischemia, a condition where blood supply is too low. Clinical trials in the 1980s showed it could keep blood flowing to the heart. It has also been studied for diabetes treatment. AICAR helps improve how the body processes sugar and changes muscle composition to better use energy.
Indonesia Clinical studies show that when AICAR activates AMPK, it increases glucose transport in skeletal muscle cells and boosts protein synthesis, leading to a significant increase in performance enhancement metrics.
Research by the Salk Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Center, and PMC found that sedentary mice given AICAR ran 44% farther without any training. This was highlighted in studies by van Praag H. and van den Berghe G. Unsurprisingly, athletes began using AICAR without concern for testing or regulation.
However, in 2011, the World Anti-Doping Agency banned synthetic AMPK activators for human use, including conditions like muscular dystrophy.
AICAR is a powerful peptide that works by activating AMPK, a key regulator of the body’s energy balance. It boosts glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in various tissues and muscle cells, helping to improve endurance and metabolic efficiency through physical activity.
Indonesia Research indicates that the effect of AICAR also supports mitochondrial biogenesis, which aids in energy production. Thanks to this mechanism, it shows great potential for improving metabolism and overall health.
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Dosage of AICAR
The dosages for AICAR for research purposes can differ depending on the physique of the subject. It is important to research the recommended dosage of any peptide before utilising it in your research to optimise it’s beneficial effects.
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AICAR, also known as ZMP, activates the AMPK pathway in muscles during muscle contraction. This increases glucose uptake and energy production. It helps improve endurance, burns fat, and supports muscle growth. AICAR can also boost muscle mass. When used with hard exercise, it improves blood flow to muscles, helping performance and speeding up recovery.
Research suggests AICAR may play an important role in fertility. By influencing metabolic pathways and cellular functions, it could impact reproductive health. Studies show AICAR affects tissues involved in reproductive processes. The activation of AMPK by AICAR may regulate energy balance and metabolism, which are key to fertility. Ongoing research aims to uncover the specific mechanisms linking AICAR to reproductive health.
AICAR is known for its physical health benefits, but it may also help mental health. Research suggests it could support brain function and improve mood. By affecting metabolism and energy in cells, AICAR might boost mental well-being. Activating AMPK could change neurotransmitter levels and support brain health. Studies are looking into how AICAR might help with depression and memory loss.
AICAR helps heart health by improving blood flow and controlling blood pressure. It increases glucose uptake in muscles and fat tissue, boosting metabolism. AICAR also promotes the creation of new mitochondria, which is important for a healthy heart. Studies show it may lower the risk of heart disease, making it valuable for overall cardiovascular health.
AICAR shows promise in cancer research by potentially inhibiting cancer cell growth and promoting cell death in various cancer types. By activating AMPK and influencing metabolic pathways, AICAR impacts processes like ATP regulation and glucose metabolism. It may also affect key signaling pathways, potentially leading to the inhibition of cancer progression, making it a candidate for advancing cancer treatments. Ongoing studies highlight the potential of AICAR in oncology as a tool for targeting cancer cells.
AICAR supports weight loss and metabolism by enhancing fatty acid breakdown in skeletal muscles. It activates AMPK, which improves glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity. This process reduces fat and increases muscle mass, aiding in weight management. Research shows AICAR’s potential in addressing obesity and metabolic disorders by promoting energy expenditure and healthy metabolic function.
AICAR may help reduce inflammation by activating AMPK, a key regulator of inflammatory pathways. This can lead to reduced inflammation in tissues, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Animal studies suggest AICAR may influence inflammation markers, which could have applications in treating conditions where inflammation plays a major role. While promising, further research is needed to fully understand AICAR’s anti-inflammatory properties.
This peptide is known for its impressive ability to boost endurance and burn fat, particularly white fat. Indonesia Research, often conducted on rodents, shows that this peptide activates metabolic genes linked to chronic kidney disease. It significantly improves running endurance by converting fast-twitch muscle fibers into slow-twitch fibers, which are more energy-efficient and better at burning fat.
AICAR, a ribonucleoside, has shown potential as a treatment for various types of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Studies indicate that it can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells, offering a possible therapeutic option for patients with impaired p53 function. Additionally, AICAR has been found to suppress cell proliferation and improve the effectiveness of treatments for other types of leukemia, making it a promising candidate for targeted cancer therapies.
The peptide also shows promise in diabetes treatment and management. Long-term use has been linked to improved glucose tolerance and lipid profiles, which could help manage type 2 diabetes symptoms. Studies suggest that AICAR increases insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and reduces liver glucose production, improving lipid metabolism. These effects highlight its potential for treating insulin resistance syndrome and regulating blood sugar, making it a valuable option for managing metabolic disorders.
AICAR may offer benefits, but it also comes with health risks. Overuse can affect the cardiovascular system, causing issues like irregular heartbeats or high blood pressure. Long-term use might also interfere with metabolic pathways and lead to insulin resistance. It’s important to be aware of these risks and talk to a healthcare professional before using AICAR.
In competitive sports, using AICAR brings serious legal and ethical issues. It can boost muscle function and metabolism, tempting athletes to use it even though it’s banned. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibits AICAR for its performance-enhancing effects. This creates a problem for athletes looking for an unfair edge. Strict rules and monitoring are needed to keep sports fair and protect their integrity.
Studying AICAR in medicine brings legal and ethical challenges. While it shows promise in health, strict rules are needed to keep patients safe and ensure fair treatment in studies. Indonesia Researchers must follow clear guidelines to protect safety and honesty in their work. This helps create responsible medical advancements and new treatments.
The products mentioned in this posts intended for research and medical purposes only, to be only used by trained professionals.
[1] Višnjić D, Lalić H, Dembitz V, Tomić B, Smoljo T. AICAr, a Widely Used AMPK Activator with Important AMPK-Independent Effects: A Systematic Review. Cells. 2021 May 4;10(5):1095.
[2] Santidrián AF, González-Gironès DM, Iglesias-Serret D, Coll-Mulet L, Cosialls AM, de Frias M, Campàs C, González-Barca E, Alonso E, Labi V, Viollet B, Benito A, Pons G, Villunger A, Gil J. AICAR induces apoptosis independently of AMPK and p53 through up-regulation of the BH3-only proteins BIM and NOXA in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood. 2010 Oct 21;116(16):3023-32.
[3] Pold R, Jensen LS, Jessen N, Buhl ES, Schmitz O, Flyvbjerg A, Fujii N, Goodyear LJ, Gotfredsen CF, Brand CL, Lund S. Long-term AICAR administration and exercise prevents diabetes in ZDF rats. Diabetes. 2005 Apr;54(4):928-34.
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